Duties Responsibilities Directors Officers †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Duties Responsibilities Directors Officers? Answer: Presentation The Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth) is the demonstration which directs the way wherein various parts of the organizations in Australia are to be led, as it gives various arrangements to its consolidation, its wrapping up, constitution and other related arrangements for the organizations (Abbott, Pendlebury and Wardman, 2007). Under Part 2D.1 of this demonstration, the executives of the organization, alongside the officials of the organization in specific cases, have been given sure obligations, which must be satisfied by them, or something bad might happen, common and criminal punishments are forced on the applicable penetrating individual (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). The instance of McGellin v Mount King Mining NL (1998) 144 FLR 288, manages such a break of chief obligations dependent on the irreconcilable situation (Austlii, 2017a). What's more, through this conversation, the various parts of this case, with a specific reference to the penetrated obligation, have been explained. Foundation of the Case For this situation, the offended party had been the executive of the respondent. The case was made for the oral agreement which the offended party went into with the respondent on July 03rd, 1996 whereby it was concurred that the offended party would be given offers in the organization at one penny for every offer cost, where the standard estimation of such offers was 20 pennies. This guarantee was made with regards to supports which were contributed towards the investigation work cost by the offended party, for respondents benefit. This specific Management was expressed to have been entered in the load up meeting and was argued to cover the suggested terms with respect to the issuance of the offers by the litigant to the offended party, after commitment of assets and in a sensible time span (Austlii, 2017a). The offended party satisfied that he had made a commitment of $1500 for the investigation expenses and this sum was paid to the ledger of litigant on August 21st, 1996. What's more, that the litigant had penetrated in their understanding as the guaranteed 150,000 offers were not given to the offended party by any means, inside a sensible time span of August 21st, 1996. Thus, a case was started for the supposed agreement to be explicitly performed; and in the event that that is beyond the realm of imagination, to be paid harms and interests according to the estimation of 150,000 offers, which remained at $108,000 based on 72 pennies for each offer. This cost was achieved from thee value which was paid by the organization who assumed control over the litigant and obtained the entirety of its offers on February 04th, 1967 (Austlii, 2017a). The key issue which was identified with the chief obligations for this situation was in regards to the material intrigue. In the event that the agreement had been made, was the article 15.15 of the Article of Association of the litigant was stranded, as the chief had not blocked himself from deciding on a plan or an agreement, where the executive had a material intrigue. Also, on the off chance that the agreement had been made, was that to be regarded as bereft of voidable, as the agreement which was acted for this situation by the offended party had been contradicted by the litigant, which would permit the offended party for explicit execution for the offer allocation or for the harms in lieu of it (Austlii, 2017a). Obligations penetrated Area 191 of the Corporations Act requires the executives to reveal the material individual intrigue which they have. According to this area, it is the obligation of the executives to inform different chiefs with respect to material individual intrigue where a contention is raised (WIPO, 2015). The material individual intrigue is identified with the issues of the organization, or something which is being executed at the gathering, where the chief ought to inform different executives about their material enthusiasm for such exchange (Austlii, 2017b). A contradiction of this area brings about both common and criminal punishments. Along these lines, where a material individual intrigue is raised, it is the obligation of the chief to advise different executives according to this area (Paolini, 2014). The term material individual intrigue has not been characterized, however the significance of the equivalent can be explained as the issue which has some genuine substance, and which has the capacity of the vote of the executive being affected (Cassidy, 2006). Consequently, the chiefs are required to give the subtleties of both the nature and the degree of their enthusiasm for the specific issue. The method of reasoning behind this segment is to maintain a strategic distance from any irreconcilable circumstance, which can make an exchange uncalled for (Latimer, 2012). On account of McGellin v Mount King Mining NL, the executive neglected to uncover that he made went into an oral agreement with the offended party for designating him certain offers for the work being finished by the offended party for the benefit of the organization. But then the chief casted a ballot upon the procurement of offers by Sipa Resources International NL, without illuminating the board regarding this clashing circumstance (Austlii, 2017a). Thus, the chief obligations for this situation had been negated. Aside from penetrate of area 191, there had been break of various different obligations of the chiefs, especially of segment 180, which required the executive to be show care and constancy in releasing their obligations and utilizing their forces (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). This was unmistakably not done because of the irreconcilable circumstance present for this situation. Aside from this, the chiefs had an obligation under area 181, of sincere trust, under segment 182, utilization of position of organization executive in a tireless way and under segment 184, to work in compliance with common decency and appropriate reason (ICNL, 2017). By permitting an irreconcilable situation to be available, where they had material individual enthusiasm for the exchange being embraced they neglected to work for the wellbeing of the organization, thus, the obligations expressed here, were penetrated. Additionally, they abused their situation by promising the offended party that he would be given the offers, and was really not given any, so the executive really abused their position and tricked the offended party. Consequently, the nearness of material individual premium prompted an irreconcilable circumstance, viably interpreting in the penetrate of chief obligations. Basic examination of choice court This case got well known for the meaning of material intrigue given by Justice Murray, which has been since cited various occasions in different cases. According to the appointed authority, the material implied the intrigue which included a relationship of a genuine substance with respect to the current issue, or the proposed agreement or course of action (GWRDC, 2012). As such, the very idea of the intrigue must be contemplated, regarding having the limit of affecting the vote of an executive in the matter of specific choice (Lacey, 2015). The substance of intrigue, its ability and its very idea must be considered for having an effect over the chiefs capacity to release their guardian obligations (Bartholomeusz, 2015). The adjudicator expressed that the offended party had chief or by implication, yet not very unexpectedly or remotely, a material individual intrigue. Furthermore, in this unique situation, the guaranteed agreement which would give the litigant to repay the offended party for the commitment made in the investigation works cost was corrupted by irreconcilable circumstance. Be that as it may, the cases of the offended party couldn't be maintained as the supposed agreement couldn't be built up to have been made under the watchful eye of the court. Henceforth, to grant the particular execution or the asserted harms was impractical for Justice Murray. Thus, the intrigue made by the offended party was not maintained (Austlii, 2017a). Despite the fact that the focuses expressed by the adjudicator for this situation were very right, yet in the perspective on the author, the choice given was unreasonable on the offended party. This is because of the way that the court didn't maintain the penetrate of guardian obligations on part of the executive, where they plainly ought to have been. The executive didn't uncover that he had made offended party the guarantee of being apportioned sure offers. This brought about an irreconcilable circumstance being available. Financial aspects, the part where the appointed authorities expressed that it was hard to challenge these focuses, because of the oral agreement not having the option to be demonstrated under the steady gaze of the official courtroom, which at last prompted the disappointment of offended parties claims, was right. End Despite the fact that the cases of the offended party for this situation couldn't be set up attributable to the absence of the setting up that an oral agreement had without a doubt been shaped between the offended party and the respondent, this case keeps on being cited more than regularly, because of the meaning of material individual intrigue given by Justice Murray. This case isn't just noteworthy in regard of this definition, yet in addition presents a solid case for drawing up composed agreements. Had a composed agreement been attracted this case, the penetrate of chief obligations could have effortlessly been set up because of the nearness of material individual premium and an irreconcilable situation; and this would have permitted the offended party to either get the particular execution of being allotted the guaranteed shares, or being paid the remuneration sum, as was determined by the offended party based on the matter of the litigant being gained by another organization. References Abbott, K., Pendlebury, N., and Wardman, K. (2007) Business Law. eighth ed. London: Thomson. Austlii. (2017a) Thomas Paul Mcgellin Ors v Mount King Mining Nl (Acn 060 118 201) Anor [1998] WASC 96 (7 April 1998). [Online] Austlii. Accessible from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-receptacle/viewdoc/au/cases/wa/WASC/1998/96.html?context=1;query=McGellin%20v%20Mount%20King%20Mining%20NL [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Austlii. (2017b) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Austlii. Accessible from: https://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-receptacle/viewdb/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/definitions [Accessed on: 18/09/17] Bartholomeusz, S. (2015) Directors Duties Duty To Avoid Conflicts Of Interest. [Online] You Legal. Accessible from: https://www.youlegal.com.au/dir

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Financial matters - Essay Example To improve our impression of the circumstance let us first look over the fundamental monetary ideas. First think about the contrast between the monetary short run and since quite a while ago run. The short run is characterized as that timeframe in which in any event one contribution of creation is fixed while the since quite a while ago run is characterized as the time period over which all elements of creation are variable. A straightforward method to recognize is think about the movements in the size of creation. In the short run the size of creation is fixed. A specific size of creation is spoken to by a short run normal cost bend. Again over the long haul the size of creation differs. The Long run normal cost bend is an envelope of the interminable number of short run normal cost bends. Anyway it is basic to take note of that the Long run normal cost bend in no way, shape or form an envelope of the base purposes of the short run normal cost bends. The individual short run desired states are the base purposes of the short run normal cost bends however over the long haul the optima change as the size of creation itself is presently factor. The Long run normal cost bend is U formed under conventional suppositions. The falling part is clarified by decrease in per unit cost with all components variable because of productivity increases of extending the scale. These are known as scale economies1. Again the upward rising part is clarified by per unit since a long time ago run cost ascends because of decrease in proficiency and is known as diseconomies of scale2. Let us currently consider the circumstance of Engines R Us. In the given circumstance it produces at the base effective size of creation. The base effective size of creation alludes to the base sum a firm can deliver that limits its since quite a while ago run normal expenses (Varian, 1990). For a nonstop and U molded since quite a while ago run normal cost bend, the base effective size of creation is the yield level that relates to its base

The Benefits of Exercise for People With PTSD

The Benefits of Exercise for People With PTSD PTSD Treatment Print The Benefits of Exercise for People With PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 03, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Peter Cade/The Image Bank/Getty Images Low rates of exercise among people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may explain why many people with PTSD have been found to be at high risk for a number of physical health problems, such as obesity, heart disease, pain, and diabetes. There may be several reasons why people with PTSD are less likely to exercise. Why People With PTSD Exercise Less First, exercise can increase bodily arousal. Your heart might race. You may experience shortness of breath. Although most people dont think twice about these symptoms, if you have PTSD, you may be particularly hesitant to experience this arousal. Many people with PTSD fear bodily symptoms that are associated with anxiety, such as increased heart rate and shortness of breath. They also may fear that bodily arousal from exercise might cause their hyperarousal symptoms to worsen. As a result, they may try to avoid exercise or any other activity that increases bodily arousal. In addition, PTSD is associated with a higher risk of experiencing depression. When youre depressed, you may experience low motivation, low energy, and have a tendency to isolate yourself. Given this, its possible that if you have symptoms of depression along with your PTSD, this might prevent you from exercising. Finally, people with PTSD engage in more unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and alcohol use. These behaviors may make it more difficult for someone with PTSD to start an exercise program. Link Between PTSD and Depression Exercise Benefits With PTSD Whether or not you have PTSD, regular exercise has a number of benefits. It can contribute to many positive physical health outcomes, such as improved cardiovascular health, weight loss, and greater flexibility and mobility. In addition to these physical health outcomes, regular exercise can also have a positive impact on your mental health by reducing anxiety and depression. Given the benefits of exercise, as well as the numerous mental and physical health problems experienced by people with PTSD, a regular exercise regimen may have a number of advantages for you if you have PTSD. Why You Should Exercise to Relieve Symptoms of Mental Illness The Effect of Regular Exercise on Symptoms Several studies have looked at the effect of a regular exercise program on PTSD symptoms. In one study of adults with PTSD, a 12-week exercise program that included three 30-minute resistance training sessions a week, as well as walking, was found to lead to a significant decrease in PTSD symptoms, depression, and better sleep quality after the program ended. A review of four randomized controlled trials  (RCTs) on the effect of regular exercise on PTSD also found that physical activity significantly reduced depressive and PTSD symptoms. It suggested that more studies should be done on this relationship and concluded that including physical activity in the treatment of PTSD appears to be helpful. Starting an Exercise Program Before embarking on any exercise program, its important to first check with your doctor to make sure that you do it safely. Your doctor may also be able to help you identify the best exercises given your goals, age, weight, or other physical health problems that youre experiencing. If youre currently working with a mental health provider, it may also be important to let him or her know that youre interested in starting an exercise program. Exercise can be an excellent form of behavioral activation, and your exercise goals may be able to be incorporated into the work that youre already doing with your therapist.

The Effects Of Technology On The Adolescent Brain Essay

Overview Technology is everywhere. Americans are surrounded by it on a daily basis. Although, we seem to be fully immersed in the technological world, we really aren’t. Most Americans believe that they are knowledgeable when their actual knowledge of technology is limited. Specifically, today’s youth, ages eight to eighteen, use technology a staggering eleven and a half hours a day, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation. â€Å"Their brains have become ‘wired’ to use their tech gadgets effectively in order to multi-task. . .often exposing their brains to shocking and sensational images and videos. Many people are desensitizing their neural circuits to the horrors they see, while not getting much, if any, off-line training in empathic skills. And the effects may even reach young people,† says Dr. Gary Small. The effects of technology on the adolescent brain include a decrease in empathy; Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another . A study done by the Harvard College of Education states that 80% of the youth surveyed stated that personal achievement and happiness was more important to them than caring for others. In the new age of technology empathy has taken a backseat to self-centeredness. The same survey by Harvard College of Education found that 30% of middle schoolers reported being bullied, more than 50% of girls between seventh and twelfth grade reported being sexually harassed, and more than 50% of high schoolers admitted to cheating. ThisShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Social Media On Adolescents1586 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Media and the Negative Effects on Adolescents Social media seems to be changing how we communicate through society. Adolescents are consumed with media for an estimated 7.5-8.5 hours per day (Georgia, 2014; Giedd, 2012). Instead of interacting with each other face to face adolescents are socializing through their phones (George, 2014). 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The Ethics Of The Body - 1098 Words

†¦ the subject is something which is finally identified to the body as such. So the subjective creation as a sort of paradigm is only experimentation of the limits of the body. The subject is something like an experience of its proper limits, an experience of finitude, an experience of the limits of the concrete unity of the body. But finally, what is a limit of the body, a limit of the living body? The plenary discussions on corporeality always reconstruct the perception of the body and aim to see the beyond of the body besides it is an entity as a concrete being with flesh and bones. The studies and works based on the notion that is what the body – which analyze the psychological and philosophical (and also anthropological and sociological) approaches to the concept of the body over hand-painted portraits to mug shots, personal care methods to collective protection theories, the sexuality as a study of psychology not through morality - are all creating a various worldview and also attempt an alternative definition on the perception of the body. Many disciplines intervene when the research topic is on the concept of the body; as the sensations, the techniques of the bodily movements, the consumption or the expression styles have been investigated, methods and studies of the epistemology are getting varied as required. 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Individual Strength Assessment Free Essays

The Strength Based Leadership assessment was designed to help define the strength in order to place people In position where they can thrive based on their leadership strengths In the four domains of leadership strength such as Executing, Influencing, Relationship Building, and Strategic Thinking (Rata Conchie, 2008). While reading the assignments for this unit, I developed ideas of what my strengths may be prior to taking the Strength Based Leadership assessment. The assessment to determine my arsenal leadership strengths ended much as I suspected, and my five strengths are learner, individualizing, harmony, futuristic, focus. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Strength Assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Learner Learner is described as an individual who weigh all the facts In which something occurred by using knowledge acquired from reading, classes, seminars or type of leadership strength apart from most. For the Learner, being left without the knowledge of a situation can be quite frustrating as this individual thrives on learning something new or gaining new skills in the current specialization field. Analyzing a topic or a situation is a great Job for the learner as this individual will pep researching until the answer is found (Rata Conchie, 2008). As a Learner I enjoy reading, listening or hands on experience in my current occupation or a prospective career. The yearning for knowledge has been part of my life since I was in grade school. Reading has not always come easy for me, I did not learn to read until entering the fourth grade. Looking back as an adult, I believe I had an undiagnosed learning obstacle. I realized with the correct lighting or the use of an overlay on bright white paper seemed to help the words stay on the page, and allow easier and better retention of the information. Individualizing According to the Strength Based Leadership assessment results, an individual with Individualizing as a strength, by nature easily identifies with what others are thinking and feeling. This is a true statement, and being an individualized helps this individual understand the other person’s hopes, fears, Joys, and sorrows. Leaders with Individualizing strength have the welcoming ability to attract people from diverse backgrounds, education occupations, age groups or nationalities which makes this individual an asset in a group project setting. This type of leader will peak for those who cannot get the words out and will listen when the time comes to be quiet (Rata Conchie, 2008). This type of strength was not a surprise to me because it is something I practice on a regular basis. This can be a positive as well as a negative. Positive because things usually go pretty smoothly once people get to know me as a person and what my skill levels are. Negative because there are those who feel threatened by my strength, and that can cause some uneasiness. Working through these types of feelings is achievable with relationship building over time. I believe this is a strength used in my current career every day. Harmony Harmony leadership strength is described as an individual who has the knack of noticing the emotions that distort information, and emphasizes facts as a way of bringing clarity to the conversation. This type of strength in an individual is driven by their talents and tends to finish whatever task they start (Rata Conchie, 2008). This is a strength used every day in my current career, it is important to remain clearheaded in any situation especially when there is the potential for emotional issues. Facts and clear headiness are two very important characteristics a person can have when concentration is necessary. Futuristic Futuristic leadership strength have an instinct for making plans for the near future or long term goals to be achieved. This type of strength leader looks toward the future as a way to make things better or to reach a goal. This is a strength used in my current career every day as each day differs from the last as we make progress to brighten every smile. Focus Individuals with focus leadership strength are driven by their talents and look forward to clearly defined goals. These individuals enjoy surrounding themselves by people who want to accomplish personal and or professional goals for themselves Rata Conchie, 2008). This is a strength used in my current career; helping people educator in oral health care. Conclusion In conclusion, based on my own self-image, I feel the leadership strengths were right on target. I would have to say I agree with the results of the strength based leadership assessment because I use the Learner, Individualizing, Harmony, Futuristic, and Focus strengths on a daily basis. How to cite Individual Strength Assessment, Papers

Traffic Problems In Kathmandu City

Question: Discuss about theTraffic Problems In Kathmandu City. Answer: Introduction Kathmandu is the capital of Nepal which attracts large number of tourists from different parts of the globe. The city has been witnessing political, social, economic technological activities on day to day basis. It has been seen that, the citys population is increasing with the increase in the number of vehicles with no increase in the width of the road size. The traffic police of Kathmandu have been managing the congested traffic in the city with utmost professionalism competence despite of lack of manpower and surmounting constraints (Bhole Popescu, 2005). Position Statement Based upon an interview with the traffic police of Kathmandu, he says our main challenge is to smoothen the flow of traffic leading to reduction in the number of accidents as well as implement low cost traffic improvement schemes and mitigate the inconvenience to the users. There is always traffic problem in Kathmandu City as people are in a hurry to reach their destination. It is a tough task for the Nepal traffic police to manage the vehicles pedestrians at the same time. As a result, long queues are made which leads to traffic jams sometimes turns into a fatal accident as well (Clemm Wolter, 2013). Critique of the Background The main problem in front of Nepal traffic police is to manage free flow of traffic i.e. pedestrians vehicles in order to make the situation convenient. This essay takes into consideration an in depth study of traffic management in one of the busiest cities of Nepal i.e. Kathmandu (Thapa, n.d.). This essay is written on behalf of the Nepal traffic police agency (consisting of challenges how to curb the same). Critique of Statement Based upon the Nepal traffic police, the highest priority is to enforce the traffic rules regulations along with identification implementation of specifications to enhance the road safety amongst the commuters improve the flow of the traffic. The main aim of Nepal police is to make Traffic police mobile not a static point wise duty force. It shall be seen that, proper motor cycles other vehicles shall be provided to the patrol police chase nab the offenders. This will help the traffic violators to get punished there and then (Traffic.nepalpolice.gov.np, 2016). The main aim for Nepal traffic police is to look for people who jump red lights, rash driving, parking made on the foot paths negligent driving by the commercial private vehicles. The Metropolitan Traffic Police says, they are trying to make every effort possible to control the rising traffic in the city with the various modern techniques such as use of various monitoring gadgets controlling the same. Imparting road se nse, teaching traffic rules regulations to the defaulters has been on the priority list. Improving the standard of safety and prosecuting the errant indiscipline road commuters remains on the highest priority list. Fatal accidents in the Kathmandu city have been referred to as one of the major concerns for the Metropolitan Traffic Police. An in depth study of the accident prone areas along with road turnings, improving the traffic routes b strategic vehicle parking shall be done in an effective manner in order to reduce the number of accidents in the Kathmandu City (Traffic.nepalpolice.gov.np, 2016). The report takes into consideration traffic problem from three different perspectives i.e. pedestrians, vehicle drivers Nepal traffic police officer. The problem faced by pedestrians is to cross the road in heavy traffic. This is mainly due to lack of skybridge and absence of traffic lights or signals leading to long queues and wait for the traffic police to take a decision (The Himalayan Times, 2016). It has been seen that, due to long queues the motorists tend to take their bikes on the foot paths which creates a messy situation for the pedestrians to walk and wait for their turn to cross the road. It shall be taken into consideration that, more than 100 shops are opened on the foot path area which shrinks the width of the foot path and elongates the crossing time. Some of the traffic problems faced by the vehicle drivers are to wait for long period for their turn to cross a traffic signal. The vehicle drivers pay more for the fuel as they have to wait for long hours and loose the opportunity to reach the destination on time. Some of the problems faced by Nepal traffic police are to facilitate a free flow of vehicles on the road. Due to various hurdles obstacles the Nepal traffic police is unable to perform their duties in an effective manner (The Himalayan Times, 2016). They are unable to boost the traffic flow within the city. But, they are regularly trying to make a continuous effort to perform their duties in the best possible manner. Some of the major problems witnessed by Nepal traffic police are that the vehicle users violate the traffic rules and signals which create a huge problem for the same. It has been noticed that, there are more than 200 shops over the foot path which allocates more time to the pedestrian to cross the road. The road condition in the Kathmandu city has been one of the major concern which leads to high levels of traffic. Government is planning to construct a 4 lane road in order to practice free flow of traffic. Though there ar e many traffic signals in the main crossings but none of them are on use. Therefore, flow of traffic is done manually by the Nepal traffic police and this leads to misuse of the human resources. Proposed Plan Process Nepal traffic police launches an android application to manage the city movements in the best possible manner. This android application will help the visitors pedestrians to drive better management in the city. The android application will not only update the users regarding the traffic in the nearby areas but also help them with the important phone numbers wherein they can secretly file a complaint regarding a traffic rule defaulter or inform the traffic police regarding any major/ minor accident (Wang, 2006). The android application has mainly 12 functions. Some of them are traffic lights, news regarding traffic, important numbers, and traffic FM radio, traffic control room for any query or information, traffic sign, traffic station, find a bank nearby public eye. With the help of this android application, the users will be able to get any information regarding traffic signals or traffic rules or traffic jams. A visual aid has also been provided so that it becomes easy for the us ers to use the application at the time of need. According to chief of Nepal traffic police, he states that we are not using technology, we are living on technology. He also stated that, we have launched this android application to minimize the accidents create awareness amongst the same. The major objective is to make traffic more accountable, create awareness amongst the users, provide an in depth traffic education minimize the number of fatal accidents and provide a safe ride to its users (Wang, 2006). On part of the public, it has been noticed that people are coming forward for open discussions, providing feedback suggestions to deal with the traffic problem in Nepal City. On part of the Nepal Traffic police, they aim to enhance the promptness and timeliness to address the traffic problems in the City in the most effective and efficient manner (A, 2014). Lastly, the Nepal traffic police states that in order to make it a success, effective and efficient management of the traffi c shall be practiced. References Vehicle Density Sensor System to Manage Traffic. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 03(03), pp.566-569. Bhole, Y. and Popescu, A. (2005). Measurement and Analysis of HTTP Traffic.J Netw Syst Manage, 13(4), pp.357-371. Clemm, A. and Wolter, R. (2013).Network-embedded management and applications. New York, NY: Springer. Dodd, A. (2012).The essential guide to telecommunications. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Gray, J. (n.d.).Driving in a soft city. Patnaik, L. and Talukder, A. (2007).Innovative applications of information technology for the developing world. London: Imperial College Press. Thapa, G. (n.d.).Exploring the possibility of mass transit in the urban core of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. The Himalayan Times. (2016).Traffic Police launches app to manage city movements. [online] Available at: https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/traffic-police-launches-app-manage-city-movements/ [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Traffic.nepalpolice.gov.np. (2016).Message From Incharge. [online] Available at: https://traffic.nepalpolice.gov.np/index.php/about-us/message-from-incharge [Accessed 27 Sep. 2016]. Wang, K. (2006).Applications of advanced technology in transportation. Reston, Va.: American Society of Civil Engineers.